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What is the selection differential?
A. It measures the difference between mean phenotype of inidividuals selected as parents and the mean phenotype of allindividuals in the popultion before selection.
B. It quantifies the strength and direction of natural selection.
C. It predicts the rate of evolution, the rate of morphological trait change.
D. It quantifies heretiability.

Answer :

A. It measures the difference between mean phenotype of inidividuals selected as parents and the mean phenotype of allindividuals in the popultion before selection.

It is a measure of the degree to which the selected individuals are superior, in terms of the trait being selected for, compared to the overall population.

The selection differential is a crucial component in the equation for response to selection (R), which predicts the degree to which a phenotype changes in the next generation due to selection.

R = h²S, where h² represents the narrow-sense heritability of the trait, and S is the selection differential. The response to selection (R) is observed as the difference between the mean of the offspring from the selected parents and the mean of the entire original population.

Hence, the selection differential is instrumental in understanding how selection can drive the evolutionary process by influencing the distribution of phenotypes in a population.

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