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Answer :
Final answer:
The A) reliability coefficient is the psychometric formula that represents the principle of aggregation by quantifying how well a measurement reflects the true score over multiple observations.
Explanation:
The formula in psychometrics that quantifies the principle of aggregation is the reliability coefficient. Reliability in psychometrics is concerned with the consistency of a measure, and the reliability coefficient is a statistical value that signifies the extent to which a measurement is free from random error, thus providing a measure that represents the true score consistently over time. In essence, the reliability coefficient captures how closely the observed scores on a test match the true scores of the individuals being tested.
Classical Test Theory, which is frequently used in psychometrics, explains that each observed score X can be denoted as the sum of the true score T and the error E, as in the formula X=T + E. The reliability coefficient aims to minimize the measurement error variance var(E) so that the observed score X is a better reflection of the true score T. The principle of aggregation refers to the fact that reliable measures are generally achieved by taking the average of multiple observations or scores, thereby reducing the impact of random error on the measurement.
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